A model of mandibular irradiation in the rabbit: preliminary results

Authors

  • A G Bodard
  • S Debbache
  • S Langonnet
  • F Laffay
  • B Fleury

Keywords:

Animal model, Head and neck, Radiotherapy, Adverse effects

Abstract

Radiotherapy is widely used in the treatment of head and neck cancers. Its major adverse effect is osteoradionecrosis, which can occur during the whole life of the patient, involving the vital prognosis. The aim of the study was to develop a model for irradiation of the rabbit mandible in order to have a better knowledge of radiotherapy-induced bone alterations and thus a better prevention and treatment of osteoradionecrosis.
The control group consisted in 7 rabbits and was used to assess anatomical and histological parameters of the rabbit’s mandible. A first group of 14 rabbits was weekly irradiated at doses of 5.5 Gy during 5 weeks, at a total dose of 46.8Gy. Sacrifices were done at 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks. As histological analysis did not reveal statistical differences with the control group, a second group (3 rabbits) was weekly irradiated at 8.0, 8.5 and 9 Gy during 5 weeks. The first histological results seem to show vascular alterations, bone cells decrease and alterations of bone architecture. The role of intra alveolar collagen sponges, PRF®, ultrasounds and stem cells in bone regeneration after radiotherapy will be further studied.

La radiothérapie est une modalité thérapeutique utilisée quasi systématiquement dans le traitement des cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures. Son principal effet secondaire est l’ostéoradionécrose, qui peut survenir tout au long de la vie du patient et compromettre le pronostic vital. Le but de ce travail est de mettre au point un modèle d’irradiation des maxillaires chez le lapin afin de mieux connaître la pathogénie de l’ostéoradionécrose et proposer une prévention et des traitements plus efficaces.
Un groupe contrôle de 7 lapins a permis de connaître l’anatomie et l’histologie de la mandibule de lapin. Un premier groupe de 14 lapins a été irradié à raison d’une séance hebdomadaire de 5.5 Gy pendant 5 semaines, soit un équivalent de dose de 46.8 Gy. Ils ont été sacrifiés à 1, 4, 12 et 24 semaines. L’analyse statistique n’ayant pas montré de différences significatives avec le groupe contrôle, un second groupe de 3 lapins a été irradié à une séance hebdomadaire de 8.0, 8.5 et 98.0 Gy respectivement pendant 5 semaines. Les premiers résultats histologiques montrent une altération vasculaire, la diminution du nombre de cellules osseuses et des modifications de l’architecture osseuse. Le rôle des éponges collagéniques intra alvéolaires, du PRF®, des ultrasons et des cellules souches sera étudié ultérieurement.

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Issue

Vol. 52 No. 1 (2013)

Section

Original Research Articles

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I hereby certify that the authors of the above manuscript have all:

1. Conceived, planned, and performed the work leading to the report, or interpreted the evidence presented, or both;

2. Written the report or reviewed successive versions and shared in their revisions; and

3. Approved the final version.

Further, I certify that:

1. This work has not been published elsewhere and is not under revision in another journal;

2. Humane procedures have been followed in the treatment of experimental animals (if applicable);

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