Stratigraphy and sedimentology of distal-alluvial and lacustrine deposits of the western-central Ebro Basin (NE Iberia) reflecting the onset of the middle Miocene Climatic Optimum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2020.18.7Keywords:
Miocene stratigraphy, Palustrine-lacustrine facies model, Ebro Basin, Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum.Abstract
Stratigraphic and sedimentological study of distal alluvial and lacustrine deposits in the Plana de la Negra-Sancho Abarca area (western-central Ebro Basin, NE Iberia) within the early and middle Miocene allows five main lithofacies to be characterized and mapped within two tectosedimentary units, construction of a sedimentary facies model and discussion on allogenic controls on sedimentation. In this area, the boundary between tectosedimentary units T5 and T6 appears to be conformable and is marked by the change from dominant clastics to carbonates. Correlation of the studied outcrops with nearby sections that already had magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic data allows the studied succession to be dated from C5Dr to C5Cn (Burdigalian-Langhian), placing the boundary T5/T6 at ca. 16.1-16.05Ma. Seven vertical facies sequences document deposition of distal alluvial clastics and palustrine and lacustrine carbonates. Sandstones and mudstones represent low-sinuosity channels and lateral and terminal splays by unconfined flows runnig across the alluvial plain, associated to the Pyrenean-derived Luna fluvial system. The carbonates contain charophytes, ostracods, bivalves and gastropods, indicating deposition in 2-4m deep lakes. Laminated carbonate facies record reworking of shore carbonates and the influx fine-siliciclastic sediment offshore. Abundant bioturbation and desiccation features indicate episodic submergence and subaerial exposure. Four main episodes of alluvial and associated palustrine/lacustrine facies belt shifts are identified. Alluvial deposition in the studied T5 unit is related to low lake level conditions, rather than to a Pyrenean uplift. The maximum extent of the freshwater carbonates occur at the base of unit T6. This is consistent with conditions of increasing humidity of the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum.References
Agustí, J., Pérez-Rivarés, F.J., Cabrera, L., Garcés, M., Pardo, G., Arenas, C., 2011. The Ramblian-Aragonian boundary and its significance for the European Neogene continental chronology. Contributions from the Ebro Basin record (NE Spain). Geobios, 44, 121-134.
Alonso-Zarza, A.M., Calvo, J.P., García del Cura, M.A., 1992. Palustrine sedimentation and associated features – grainification and pseudo-microkarst - in the Middle Miocene (Intermediate Unit) of the Madrid Basin, Spain. Sedimentary
Geology, 76, 43-61.
Alonso-Zarza, A.M., Calvo, J.P, 2002. Tajo Basin. In: Gibbons, W., Moreno, T. (eds). The Geology of Spain. London, The Geological Society, 315-320.
Alonso-Zarza, A.M., 2003. Palaeoenvironmental significance of palustrine carbonates and calcretes in the geological record. Earth Science Reviews, 60, 261-298.
Alonso-Zarza, A.M., Meléndez, A., Martín-García, R., Herrero, M.J., Martín-Pérez, A., 2012. Discriminating between tectonism and climate signatures in palustrine deposits: lessons from the Miocene of the Teruel Graben, NE Spain. Earth Science Reviews, 113, 141-160.
Arasa-Tuliesa, A., Cabrera, L., 2018. Neogene-Quaternary onshore record in the lower Ebro river incised palaeovalley (Ebro margin, Catalan Coastal Range, NE Iberia). Geologica Acta, 16(3), 265-292.
Arenas, C., 1993. Sedimentología y paleogeografía del Terciario del margen pirenaico y sector central de la Cuenca del Ebro
(zona aragonesa occidental). Doctoral Thesis. Universidad de Zaragoza, 858pp. Last accessed: March 2020. Website: https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/70725
Arenas, C., Fernández-Nieto, C., González-López, J.M., Pardo, G., 1993. Evolución mineralogical de los materiales miocenos de la Sierra de Alcubierre (sector central de la Cuenca del Ebro): Implicaciones en la evolución paleogeográfica. Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogía, 16, 51-64.
Arenas, C., Pardo, G., 1999. Latest Oligocene-Late Miocene lacustrine systems of the north-central part of the Ebro Basin
(Spain): sedimentary facies model and palaeogeographic synthesis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,
, 127-148.
Arenas, C., Alonso Zarza, A.M., Pardo, G., 1999. Dedolomitization and other early diagenetic processes in Miocene lacustrine deposits, Ebro Basin (Spain). Sedimentary Geology, 125, 23-45.
Arenas, C., Pardo, G., 2000. Neogene lacustrine deposits of the North-Central Ebro Basin, Northeastern Spain. In: Gierlowski-Kordesch, E.H., Kelts, K.R. (eds.). Lake Basins through Space and Time: American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Studies in Geology, 46, 395-406.
Arenas, C., Millán, H., Pardo, G., Pocoví, A., 2001. Ebro Basin continental sedimentation associated with late compressional
Pyrenean tectonics (north-eastern Iberia): controls on basin margin fans and fluvial systems. Basin Research, 13, 65-89.
Armenteros, I., 1986. Estratigrafía y sedimentología del Neógeno del sector suroriental de la Depresión del Duero. Tesis Doctoral. Diputación de Salamanca, Serie Castilla y León nº 1, 471pp.
Armenteros, I., Daley, B., 1998. Pedogenic modification and structure evolution in palustrine facies as exemplified by the
Bembridge Limestones (Late Eocene) of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Sedimentary Geology, 119, 275-295.
Astibia, H., Ginsburg, L., Janoo, A., Martínez, E., Murelaga, X., Pereda- Suberbiola, X., Sesé, C., 1995. Primeros datos sobre
las faunas de tetrápodos fósiles del Terciario continental de las Bardenas Reales de Navarra (Depresión del Ebro). XI Jornadas de Paleontología, Tremp, 41-43.
Babault, J., Loget, N., Van Den Driessche, J., Castelltort, S., Bonnet, S., Day, P., 2006. Did the Ebro Basin connect to the Mediterranean before the Messinian salinity crisis? Geomorphology, 81, 155-165.
Barberà, X., Cabrera, L., Marzo, M., Parés, J.M., Agustí, J., 2001. A complete terrestrial Oligocene magnetobiostratigraphy from the Ebro Basin, Spain. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 187, 1-16.
Bates, R.L., Jackson, J.A., 1985. Glossary of Geology. Alexandria, (VA, U.S.A.), American Geological Institute, 788pp. Bohacs, K.M., Carrol, A.R., Neal, J.E., Mankiewicz, P.J., 2000. Lake basin type, source potential, and hydrocarbon character: an integrated sequence-stratigraphic geochemical framework. In: Gierlowski-Kordesch, E.H., Kelts, K.R. (eds.). Lake Basins through Space and Time: American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Studies in Geology, 46, 3-34.
Böhme, M., 2003. Miocene Climatic Optimum evidence from ectothermic vertebrates of Central Europe. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 195, 389-401.
Brierley, G.J., 1996. Channel morphology and element assemblages: a constructivist approach to facies modeling. In: Carling, P.A., Dawson, M.R. (eds.). Advances in Fluvial Dynamics and Stratigraphy. New York, Wiley & Sons, 263-298.
Cabrera, Ll., Sáez, A., 1987. Coal deposition in carbonaterich shallow lacustrine systems: the Calaf and Mequinenza sequences (Oligocene, eastern Ebro Basin, NE Spain). London, Journal of the Geological Society, 144, 451-461.
Calvo, J.P., Daams, R., Morales, J., López-Martínez, N., Agustí, J., Anadón, P., Armenteros, I., Cabrera, L., Civis, J., Corrochano,
A., Díaz-Molina, M., Elízaga, E., Hoyos, M., Martín Suarez, E., Moissenet, E., Muñóz, A., Pérez-Garcia, A., Pérez-González, A., Portero, J.M., Robles, F., Ruiz-Bustos, A., Santisteban, C., Torres, T., van der Meulen, A.J., Vera, J.A., 1993. Up-to-date Spanish continental Neogene synthesis and paleoclimatic interpretation. Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España, 6(3-4), 29-40.
Carroll, A.R., Bohacs, K.M., 1999. Stratigraphic classification of ancient lakes: Balancing tectonic and climatic controls. Geology, 27(2), 99-102.
Castiella, J., 1977. Mapa geológico de España, 1:50.000, sheet no. 320 (Tarazona de Aragón) and Memoir. Madrid, Instituto
Geológico y Minero de España, 1 map, 23pp.
Clausing, A., Boy, J.A., 2000. Lamination and primary production in fossil lakes: relationship to palaeoclimate in the Carboniferous-Permian transition. In: Hart, M.B. (ed.). Climates: Past and Present. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 181, 5-16.
Costa, E., Garces, M., Lopez-Blanco, M., Beamud, E., Gomez-Paccard, M., Larrasoaña, J.C., 2010. Closing and continentalization of the South Pyrenean foreland basin (NE Spain): magnetochronological constraints. Basin Research,
(6), 904-917.
Crusafont, M., Truyols, J., Riba, O., 1966. Contribución al conocimiento de la estratigrafía del Terciario continental de Navarra y Rioja. Notas y Comunicaciones del Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 90, 53-76.
Daams, R., Freudenthel, M., 1988. Cricetidae (Rodentia) from the type Aragonian; the genus Megacricetodon. Biostratigraphy and palaaecology of the Neogene micromammalian faunas from the Calatayud-Teruel Basin (Spain). Scripta Geologica, 1 (Special Issue), 39-132.
Daams, R., Álvarez Sierra, M.Á., van der Meulen, A., PeláezCampomanes, P. 1997. Los micromamíferos como indicadores
de paleoclimas y evolución de las cuencas continentales. In: Aguirre, E., Morales, J., Soria, D. (eds). Registros fósiles e Historia de la Tierra. Madrid, Editorial Complutense, 235-269.
Davis, S.J., Wiegand, B.A., Carrol, A.R., Chamberlain, C.P., 2008. The effect of dranage reorganization on paleoaltimetry studies: an example from the Paleogene Laramide foreland. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 275, 258-268.
De Wet, C., Yocum, D.A., Mora, C., 1998. Carbonate lakes in closed basins: sensitive indicators of climate and tectonics: an
example from the Gettysburg Basin (Triassic), Pennsylvania, USA. In: Stanley, K.W., McCabe, P.J. (eds.). Relative Role of Eustasy, Climate and Tectonism in Continental Rocks. SEPM, 59 (Special Publication), 191-209.
Diester-Haass, L., Billups, K., Gröcke, D.R., François, L., Lefebvre, V., Emeis, K.C., 2009. Mid-Miocene paleoproductivity in the
Atlantic Ocean and implications for the global carbon cycle. Paleoceanography, 24, PA1209, 1-19.
Dunham, R.J., 1962. Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture. In: Ham, W.E. (ed.). Classification of Carbonate Rocks. Tulsa, Memoir of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1, 108-121.
Embry, A.F., Klovan, J.E., 1971. A late Devonian reef tract on northeastern Banks Island, NW Territories. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 19, 730-781.
Fisher, J.A., Nichols, G.J., Waltham, D.A., 2007. Unconfined flow deposits in distal sectors of fluvial distributary systems: Examples from the Miocene Luna and Huesca Systems, northern Spain. Sedimentary Geology, 195, 55-73.
Freytet, P., Plaziat, J.C., 1982. Continental carbonate sedimentation and pedogenesis – Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of
Southern France. In: Purser, B.H. (ed.). Contributions to Sedimentology. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart, 12, 217pp.
García-Castellanos, D., Vergés, J., Gaspar-Escribano, J., Cloetingh, S., 2003. Interplay betwen tectonics, climate and fluvial
transport during the Cenozoic evolution of the Ebro Basin (NE Iberia). Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(B7), 2347.
Gierlowki-Kordesch, E.H., Gómez-Fernández, J.C., Meléndez, N., 1991. Carbonate and coal deposition in an alluvial-lacustrine setting: Lower Cretaceous (Weald) in the Iberian Range (east-central Spain). In: Anadón, P., Cabrera, L., Kelts, K. (eds.). Lacustrine Facies Analysis. Special Publication of the International Association of Sedimentologists, 13, 109-125.
Gierlowski-Kordesch, E.H., 2010. Lacustrine carbonates. In: Alonso-Zarza, A.M., Tanner, L.H. (eds.). Carbonates in continental settings. Facies, Environments and Processes, Amsterdam, Developments in Sedimentology, 61, 1-101.
Glenn, C.R., Kelts, K., 1991. Sedimentary rhythms in lake deposits. In: Einsele, G., Ricken, W., Silacher, A. (eds.). Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy. New York, SpringerVerlag, 188-221.
González-Pardos, M., 2012. Carófitos del Mioceno inferior de la Formación Tudela (Cuenca del Ebro, Navarra). Master Thesis. Universitat de València, 68pp.
Hirst, J.P.P., Nichols, G.J., 1986. Thrust tectonic controls on alluvial sedimentation patterns, southern Pyrenees. In: Allen, P.A., Homewood, P. (eds.). Foreland Basins. International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication, 8, 153-164.
Inglès, M., Salvany, J.M., Muñoz, A., Pérez, A., 1998. Relationship of mineralogy to depositiona environments in the non-marine Tertiary mudstones of the southwestern Ebro Basin (Spain). Sedimentary Geology, 116, 159-176.
Kelts, K., Hsü, K.J., 1978. Freshwater carbonate sedimentation. In: Lerman, A. (ed.). Lakes: Chemistry, Geology, Physics. New York, Springer-Verlag, 295-324.
Kelts, K., Talbot, M., 1990. Lacustrine carbonates as geochemical archives of environmental change and biotic-abiotic interactions. In: Tilzer, M.M., Serruya, C. (eds.). Large lakes: ecological structure and function. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 288-315.
Larena-Martin, Z., 2019. Estratigrafía y seidmentología del Mioceno de la Plana Negra-Sancho Abarca (sector centraloccidental de la Cuenca del Ebro). Master’s Thesis. Universidad de Zaragoza, 60pp.
Larrasoaña, J.C., Murelaga, X., Garcés, M., 2006. Magnetobiochronology of Lower Miocene (Ramblian) continental sediments from the Tudela Formation (western Ebro basin, Spain). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 243, 409-423.
Martín-Closas, C., Diéguez, C., 1998. Charophytes from the Lower Cretaceous of the Iberian Range (Spain). Palaeontology,
(6), 1133-1152.
Martínez-García, B., Suarez-Hernando, O., Suárez-Bilbao, A., Pascual, A., Ordiales, A., Larrasoaña, J.C., Murelaga, X., Ruiz-Sánchez, F.J., 2014. Asociación de ostrácodos del Mioceno temprano-medio de Loma Negra (Bardenas Reales de Navarra, Cuenca del Ebro): evolución paleoambiental de un medio lacustre. Ameghiniana, 51(5), 405-419.
Meléndez, N., Liesa, C.L., Soria, A.R., Meléndez, A., 2009. Lacustrine system evolution during early rifting: El Castellar Formation (Galve sub-basin, Central Iberian Chain). Sedimentary Geology, 222, 64-77.
Miall, A.D., 1996. The Geology of Fluvial Deposits. Berlin, Springer, 582pp.
Millán, H., Pocoví, A., Casas, A., 1995. El frente de cabalgamiento surpirenaico en el extremo occidental de las Sierras Exteriores: sistemas imbricados y pliegues de despegue. Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España, 8, 73-90.
Muñoz, A., Arenas, C., González, A., Luzón, A., Pardo, G., Pérez, A., Villena, J., 2002. Ebro Basin (northeastern Spain). In: Gibbons, W., Moreno, T. (eds.). The Geology of Spain. London, The Geological Society, 301-309.
Murelaga, X., Caballero, F., Rodriguez-Lázaro, J., Astibia, H., Pereda-Suberbiola, X., 1997. Análisis preliminar de los ostrácodos del Mioceno inferior de las Bardenas Reales de Navarra (Cuenca del Ebro). Geogaceta, 22, 192-132.
Murelaga, X. 2000. Estudio de las faunas de vertebrados del Mioceno inferior de las Bardenas Reales de Navarra y áreas
colindantes (Cuenca del Ebro, Navarra). Doctoral Thesis. Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 363pp.
Murelaga, X., Pereda Suberbiola, X., de Lapparent de Broin, F., Rage, J.-C., Duffaud, S., Astibia, H., Badiola, A., 2002. Amphibians and reptiles from the Early Miocene of the Bardenas Reales of Navarre (Ebro Basin, Iberian Peninsula). Geobios, 35, 347-365.
Murelaga, X., Pérez-Rivarés, F.J., Vázquez-Urbez, M., Zuluaga, M.C., 2008. Nuevos datos bioestratigráficos y paleoecológicos
del Mioceno medio (Aragoniense) del área de Tarazona de Aragón (Cuenca del Ebro, provincial de Zaragoza, España). Ameghiniana, 45, 393-406.
Navarro-Jiménez, J.I., Navarro-Luna, J., Muñoz-Jiménez, A., 2011. Análisis Tectosedimentario de la región de Bradenas Reales, Cuenca del Ebro (Aragón-Navarra). Reunión Grupo Español del Terciario, resumen (unpublished), 4pp.
Nichols, G.J., Fisher, J.A., 2007. Processes, facies and architecture of fluvial distributary system deposits. Sedimentary Geology, 195, 75-90.
Ogg, J.G., 2012. Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale. In: Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., Ogg, G.M. (eds.). The Geologic Time Scale 2012. Boston, Elsevier, 85-113.
Oliva-Urcia, B., Beamud, E., Arenas, C., Pueyo, E.L., Garcés, M., Soto, R., Valero, L., Pérez-Rivarés, F.J., 2019. Dating the
northern deposits of the Ebro foreland basin; implications for the kinematics of the SW Pyrenean front. Tectonophysics,
, 11-34.
Pardo, G., Villena, J., González, A., 1989. Contribución a los conceptos y a la aplicacion del anáisis tectosedimentarias.
Rupturas y unidades tectosedimentarias como fundamento de correlaciones estratigráficas. Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España, 2(3-4), 199-221.
Pardo, G., Arenas, C., González, A., Luzón, A., Muñoz, A., Pérez, A., Pérez-Rivarés, F.J., Vázquez-Úrbez, M., Villena, J., 2004. La Cuenca del Ebro. In: Vera, J.A. (eds.). Geología de España. Madrid, Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España-Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 533-543.
Paredes, J.M., Foix, N., Colombo Piñol, F., Nillni, A., Allard, J.O., Marquillas, R.A., 2007. Volcanic and climatic controls on fluvial style in a high-energy system: the Lower Cretaceous Matasiete Formation, Golfo San Jorge Basin, Argentina. Sedimentary Geology, 202, 96-123.
Pérez, A., 1989. Estratigrafía y sedimentología del Terciario del borde meridional de la Depresión del Ebro (sector RiojanoAragonés) y cubetas de Muniesa y Montalbán. Doctoral Thesis. Universidad de Zaragoza, unpublished, 525pp.
Pérez-Rivarés, F.J., 2016. Studio magnetoestratigráfico del Mioceno del sector central de la Cuenca del Ebro: Cronología, correlación y análisis de la ciclicidad sedimentaria. Doctoral Thesis. Universidad de Zaragoza, 281pp.
Pérez-Rivarés, F.J., Arenas, C., Pardo, G., Garcés, M., 2018. Temporal aspects of genetic stratigraphic units in continental
sedimentary basins: Examples from the Ebro Basin, Spain. Earth Science Reviews, 178, 136-153.
Pettijohn, F.P., Potter, P.E., Siever, R., 1973. Sand and sandstones. New York-Heidelberg-Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 618pp.
Platt, N.H., 1989. Lacustrine carbonates and pedogenesis: sedimentology and origin of palustrine deposits from the Early Cretaceous Rupelo Formation, W Cameros Basin, N Spain. Sedimentology, 36, 665-684.
Platt N.H., Wright, V.P., 1991. Lacustrine carbonates: facies models, facies distributions and hydrocarbons aspects. In: Anadón, P., Cabrera, L., Kelts, K. (eds.). Lacustrine Facies Analysis. Special Publication of the International Association of Sedimentologists, 13, 57-74.
Platt, N.H., Wright, V.P., 1992. Palustrine carbonates and the Florida Everglades: towards an exposure index for the freshwater environment. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 62, 1058-1071.
Platt, N.H., Pujalte, V. 1994. Correlation of Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous continental sequences from the southern Biscay margin, northern Spain. London, Journal of the Geological Society, 151, 715-726.
Platt, N.H., 1995. Sedimentation and tectonics of a synrift succession: Upper Jurassic alluvial fans and palaeokarst at the
Cimmerian unconformity, western Cameros Basin, northern Spain. Special Publication of the International Association of
Sedimentologists, 22, 219-236.
Plaziat, J.C., Freytet, P., 1978. Le pseudomicrokarst pédologique: un aspect particulier des paleo-pedogenèses dévelopées sur les dépôts calcaires lacustres dans le Tertiaire de Languedoc. Paris, Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, 286,
-1664.
Porter, R.J., Gallois, R.W., 2008. Identifying fluvio-lacustrine intervals in thick playa-lake successions: an integrated sedimentology and ichnology of arenaceous members in the mid–Late Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group of southwest England UK. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 270, 381-398.
Quijada, I.E., Suarez-Gonzalez, P., Benito, M.I., Mas, R., 2013. Depositional depth of laminated carbonate deposits: insights
from the Lower Cretaceous Valdeprado Formation (Cameros Basin, Northern Spain). Journal of Sedimentary Research, 83,
-257.
Quijada, I.M., 2014. Evolución sedimentaria y paleogeográficas de los sistemas costeros silicicl´sticos y cartonático-evaporíticos
del Grupo Oncala (Berriasiense, Cuenca de Cameros oriental). Doctoral Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 362pp.
Riba, O., 1955. Sobre la edad de los conglomerados terciarios del borde Norte de las Sierras de la Demanda y de Cameros.
Notas y Comunicaciones del Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 39, 39-50.
Riba, O., Reguant, S., Villena, J., 1983. Ensayo de síntesis estratigráfica y evolutiva de la cuenca terciaria del Ebro. In: Comba, J.A. (coord.). Geología de España, Libro Jubilar J.M. Ríos. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 131-159.
Ruiz-Sánchez, F.J., Murelaga, X., Freudenthal, M., Larrasoaña, J.C., Furió, M., Garcés, M., González-Pardos, M., SuarezHernando, O., 2012. Rodents and insectivores from the Lower Miocene (Agenian and Ramblian) of the Tudela Formation (Ebro Basin, Spain). Journal of Iberian Geology, 38(2), 349-372.
Ruiz-Sánchez, F.J., Murelaga, X., Freudenthal, M., Larrasoaña, J.C., Furió, M., Garcés, M., González-Pardos, M., SuarezHernando, O., 2013. Micromammalian faunas from the Middle Miocene (Middle Aragonian) of the Tudela Formation
(Ebro Basin, Spain). Bulletin of Geosciences, 88, 131-152.
Sáez, A., Valero-Garcés, B.L., Moreno, A., Bao, R., Pueyo, J.J., González-Sampériz, P., Giralt, S., Taberner, C., Herrera, C., Gibert, R.O, 2007a. Lacustrine sedimentation in active volcanic settings: The Late Quaternary depositional evolution of Lake Chungará (northern Chile). Sedimentology, 54, 1191-1222.
Sáez, A., Anadón, P., Herrero, M.J., Moscariello, A., 2007b. Variable style of transition between Palaeogene fluvial fan and
lacustrine systems, southern Pyrenean foreland, NE Spain. Sedimentology, 54, 367-390.
Scott, J.J., Smith, M.E., 2015. Trace fossils of the Eocene Green River Lake Basins, Wyoming, Utah and Colorado. In: Smith,
M.E., Carroll, A.R. (eds.). Stratigraphy and Paleolimnology of the Green River Formation, Western USA, Syntheses in Limnogeology, 1. Springer Science & Business Media Dordrech, 313-350.
Soler, M., Puigdefábregas, C., 1970. Líneas generals de la geología del Alto Aragón Occidental. Pirineos, 96, 5-20.
Soulié-Märsche, I., Bieda, S., Lafond, R., Maley, J., Baitoudji, M’, Vincent, P.M., Faure, H., 2010, Charophytes as bio-indicators
for lake level high stand at “Trou au Natron”, Tibesti, Chad, during the Late Pleistocene. Global and Planetary Change, 72,
-340. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.05.004
Suarez-Hernando, O., 2017. Magnetobiocronología y Paleoecología del Mioceno inferior-medio en las Bardenas Reales de Navarra (Cuenca del Ebro). Doctoral Thesis. Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 315pp.
Tanner, L.H., 2000. Palustrine-lacustrine and alluvial facies of the (Norian) Owl Rock Formation (Chinle Group), Four Corners Region, Southwestern U.S.A.: implications for Late Triassic paleoclimate. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 70, 1280-1289.
Valero, L., Garcés, M., Cabrera, L., Costa, E., Sáez, L., 2014. 20 Myr of eccentricity paced lacustrine cycles in the Cenozoic Ebro Basin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 408, 183-193.
van der Meulen, A.J., García-Paredes, I., Álvarez-Sierra, M.Á., van den Hoek Ostende, L.W., Hordijk, K., Oliver, A., PeláezCampomanes, P., 2012. Updated Aragonian biostratigraphy: Small mammal distribution and its implications for the Miocene European Chronology. Geologica Acta, 10(2), 159-179.
Vázquez-Urbez, M., Arenas, C., Pardo, G., 2003. Isotopic characterization (δ13C and δ18O) of Miocene continental carbonate deposits of the western Ebro Basin (Spain). Tucson (Arizona), Third International Limnogeological Congress, Abstracts, 306-307.
Vázquez-Urbez, M., Arenas, C., Pardo, G., Pérez-Rivarés, J., 2013. The effect of drainage reorganization and climate on the
sedimentologic evolution of intermontane lake systems: the final fill stage of the Tertiary Ebro Basin (Spain). Journal of
Sedimentary Research, 83, 562-590.
Wright, V.P., 1990. Lacustrine carbonates. In: Tucker, M.E., Wright, V.P. (eds.). Carbonate sedimentology, chapter 4.4. Oxford,
Blackwell Science Ltd., 161-190.
Zachos, J., Pagano, M., Sloan, L., Thomas, E., Billups, K., 2001. Trends, rhythms and aberrations in global climate from 65 Ma to Present. Science, 269, 686-693.
Zachos, J.C., Dickens, G.R., Zeebe, R.E., 2008. An early Cenozoic perspective on greenhouse warming and carbon-cycle dynamics. Nature, 451(17), 279-283.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Geologica Acta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright
Geologica Acta is the property of the UB, GEO3BCN, IDAEA and UAB. Geologica Acta must be cited for any partial or full reproduction. Papers are distributed under the Attribution-Share Alike Creative Commons License. This license allows anyone to reproduce and disseminate the content of the journal and even make derivative works crediting authorship and provenance and distributing possible derivative works under the same or an equivalent license.
Author Rights
Authors retain the copyright on their papers and are authorized to post them on their own web pages or institutional repositories. The copyright was retained by the journal from the year 2003 until 2009. In all cases, the complete citation and a link to the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of the article must be included.
The authors can use excerpts or reproduce illustrations of their papers in other works without prior permission from Geologica Acta provided the source of the paper including the complete citation is fully acknowledged.
