Did Patagonia collide with Gondwana in the Late Paleozoic? Some insights from a multidisciplinary study of magmatic units of the North Patagonian Massif

Authors

  • A.E. RAPALINI Instituto de Geofísica Daniel A.Valencio, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET. Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  • M.G. LÓPEZ DE LUCHI Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica (INGEIS), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET
  • C. MARTÍNEZ DOPICO Instituto de Geofísica Daniel A.Valencio, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET. Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos
  • F.G. LINCE KLINGER Instituto Sismológico Volponi, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, CONICET
  • M.E. GIMÉNEZ Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica (INGEIS), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET
  • PATRICIA MARTÍNEZ Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica (INGEIS), Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1344/105.000001577

Keywords:

Patagonia, Gondwana, Late Paleozoic, Collision, Magmatism

Abstract

The origin of Patagonia and its relations with the South American crustal blocks to the north have been a matter of debate for decades. We report results from a multidisciplinary study centered on Paleozoic granitoids exposed in the northeastern corner of the North Patagonian Massif. Microstructural and magnetofabric studies reveal two suites of granitoids. Late Carboniferous (?) granitoids (Yaminué Complex, Tardugno Granodiorite, Cabeza de Vaca leucogranite) were emplaced and subsequently deformed in a major NNE-SSW compressive stress regime that also provoked top-to-the-SW thrust deformation in shallow crustal levels. Gravity and geobarometric studies show that the same major deformation event has been recorded at different crustal levels. The age and type of deformation of this event recorded across the northern boundary of Patagonia strongly supports a Late Carboniferous – Early Permian frontal collision between Patagonia and Gondwana. This major deformation event ceased by 281 Ma when the Navarrete Plutonic Complex, which shows mainly magmatic fabrics, was emplaced under a far-field WNW-ESE stress regime. Crustal continuity between the North Patagonian Massif and the Pampia and Arequipa- Antofalla terranes is suggested by similar Late Paleoproterozoic crustal model ages, comparable detrital zircon ages in Early Paleozoic successions, the apparent continuity of an Early Ordovician continental magmatic arc and paleomagnetic data. Reconciliation of this evidence with the Late Paleozoic frontal collision is obtained in a tectonic model that suggests that the North Patagonian Massif is a parautochthonous crustal block.

References

Adams, Ch., Miller, H., Toselli, A.J., 2008. The Puncoviscana Formation of northwest Argentina: U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons and Rb-Sr metamorphic ages and their bearing on its stratigraphic age, sediment provenance and tectonic setting. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, 247(3), 341-352.

Álvarez, G.T., 2004. Cuencas paleozoicas asociadas a la prolongación norte del sistema de Sierras de Ventania, provincia de Buenos Aires. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Bahía Blanca (Argentina), Universidad Nacional del Sur, 163pp.

Anderson, J.L., 1996. Status of thermobarometry in granitic batholiths. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 87, 125-138.

Anderson, J.L., Smith, D.R., 1995. The effects of temperature and fo2 on the Al-in hornblende barometer. American Mineralogist, 80, 549-559.

Astini, R.A., Benedetto, J.L., Vaccari N.E., 1995. The Early Paleozoic evolution of the Argentine Precordillera as rifted, drifted and collided terrane: a geodynamic model. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 107, 253-273.

Azcuy, C.L., Caminos, R., 1987. Diastrofismo. In: Archangelsky, S. (ed.). El Sistema Carbonífero en la República Argentina. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Córdoba, 239-251.

Basei, M.A.S., Varela, R., Sato, A.M., Siga Jr., O., Llambías, E.J., 2002. Geocronología sobre rocas del Complejo Yaminué, Macizo Norpatagónico, Río Negro, Argentina. In: Cingolani, C.A., Cabaleri, N., Linares, E., López de Luchi, M.G., Ostera, H.A., Panarello, H.O. (eds.). El Calafate, 15th Congreso Geológico Argentino, Actas III, 117-122.

Bennett, V.C., DePaolo, D.J., 1987. Proterozoic crustal history of the western United States as determined by neodymium isotopic mapping. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 99, 674-685.

Bonorino, A.G., Kostadinoff, J., Schillizzi, R., 1987. Geofísica y geología del sector noroccidental de la cuenca del Colorado, provincia de Buenos Aires. Geoacta, 17, 167-177.

Borradaile, G.J., Henry, B., 1997. Tectonic applications of magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy. Earth Science Reviews, 42, 49-93.

Bouchez, J.L., Delas, C., Gleizes, G., Nédélec, A., 1992. Submagmatic microfractures in granites. Geology, 20, 35-38.

Buggisch, W., 1987. Stratigraphy and very low grade metamorphism of the Sierras Australes of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina and implications in Gondwana correlations. Zentralblatt Mineralogie Geologie Paläontologie, 1, 819-837.

Caminos, R., 1983. Descripción Geológica de las Hojas 39g, Cerro Tapiluke y 39h, Chipauquil, provincia de Río Negro. Buenos Aires, Servicio Geológico Nacional, unpublished.

Caminos, R., 2001. Hoja Geológica N 4166-I Valcheta, provincia de Río Negro. Buenos Aires, Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino, Boletín 310, 78pp.

Caminos, R., Llambías, E.J., 1984. El basamento cristalino. In: Ramos, V.A. (ed.). Geología y Recursos Naturales de la provincia de Río Negro. Buenos Aires, 9th Congreso Geológico Argentino, Relatorio, 37-63.

Caminos, R., Chernicoff, C., Varela, R., 1994. Evolución tectónicometamórfica y edad del Complejo Yaminué, Basamento preandino norpatagónico, República Argentina. 7th Congreso Geológico Chileno, Concepción, Actas II, 1301-1305.

Cawood, P.A., 2005. Terra Australis orogen: Rodinia breakup and development of the Pacific and Iapetus margins of Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic. Earth-Science Reviews, 69, 249-279.

Chernicoff, C.J., Caminos, R., 1996a. Estructura y relaciones estratigráficas de la Formación Nahuel Niyeu, Macizo Norpatagónico oriental, Provincia de Río Negro. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 51, 201-212.

Chernicoff, C.J., Caminos, R., 1996b. Estructura y metamorfismo del Complejo Yaminué, Macizo Norpatagónico oriental, provincia de Rio Negro. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 51, 107-118.

Chernicoff, C.J., Zappettini, E., 2003. Delimitación de los terrenos tectono-estratigráficos de la región centro-austral argentina: evidencias aeromagnéticas. Revista Geológica de Chile, 30(2), 299-316.

Chernicoff, C.J., Santos, J.O.S., Zappettini, E.O., McNaughton, N.J., 2007. Esquistos del Paleozoico inferior en la Cantera Green (35°04’S- 65°28’O), sur de San Luis: Edades U-Pb Shrimp e implicancias geodinámicas. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 62(1), 154-158.

Chernicoff, C.J., Zappettini, E.O., Santos, J.O.S., Griffin, W., McNaughton, N.J., 2008a. Foreland basin deposits associated with Cuyania accretion in La Pampa Province, Argentina. Gondwana Research, 13(2), 189-203.

Chernicoff, C.J., Santos, J.O.S., Zappettini, E.O., McNaughton, N.J., 2008b. Zircon U-Pb shrimp dating of lower paleozoic paraschists at sierra de Lonco Vaca, La Pampa province argentina. In: Linares, E., Cabaleri, N.G., Do Campo, M.D., Ducós, E.I., Panarello, H.O. (eds.). Book of Abstracts. San Carlos de Bariloche, VI South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Abstracts, 65.

Cortés, J.M., Caminos, R., Leanza, H.A., 1984. La cobertura sedimentaría eopaleozoica. San Carlos de Bariloche, 9th Congreso Geológico Argentino, Relatorio, 65-84.

Dahlquist, J.A., Pankhurst, R.J., Rapela, C.W., Galindo, C., Alasino, P., Fanning, C.M., Saavedra, J., Baldo, E., 2008. New SHRIMP U-Pb data from the Famatina Complex: constraining Early-Mid Ordovician Famatinian magmatism in the Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina. Geologica Acta, 6(4), 319-333.

Dalla Salda, L., Cingolani, C., Varela, R., 1990. The origin of Patagonia. Comunicaciones, Una revista de geología andina, 41, 55-61.

De Paolo, D.J., Linn, A.M., Schubert, G., 1991. The Continental Crustal Age Distribution Methods of Determining Mantle Separation Ages From Sm-Nd Isotopic Data and Application to the Southwestern United States. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(B2), 2071-2088.

Goldstein, S.L., O’Nions, R.K., Hamilton, P.J., 1984. A Sm-Nd isotopic study of atmospheric dusts and particulates from major river systems. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 70, 221-236.

González, P.D., Poiré, D.G., Varela, R., 2002. Hallazgo de trazas fósiles en la Formación El Jagüelito y su relación con la edad de las metasedimentitas, Macizo Norpatagónico Oriental, provincia de Río Negro. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 57(1), 35-44.

Gozálvez, M.R., 2009. Petrografía y edad 40Ar/39Ar de leucogranitos peraluminosos al oeste de Valcheta. Macizo Norpatagónico (Río Negro). Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 64, 183-359

Gregori, D.A., Kostadinoff, J., Strazzere, L., Raniolo, A., 2008. Tectonic significance and consequences of the Gondwanide orogeny in northern Patagonia, Argentina. Gondwana Research, 14(3), 429-450.

Harrington, H.J., 1962. Paleogeographic development of South America. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 46(10), 1773-1814.

Hauzenberger, Ch., Mogessie, A., Hoinkes, G., Felfernig, A., Bjerg, E., Kostadinoff, J., Delpino, S., Dimieri, L., 2001. Metamorphic evolution of the Sierras de San Luis, Argentina: granulite facies metamorphism related to mafic intrusions. Mineralogy and Petrology, 71(1-2), 95-126.

Hervé, F., Godoy, E., Parada, M.A., Ramos, V., Rapela, C.W, Mpodozis, C., Davidson, J., 1987. A general view on the Chilean-Argentine Andes, with emphasis on their early history. In: Monger, J., Francheteau, J. (eds.). CircumPacific Orogenic Belts and Evolution of the Pacific Basin. Geodynamics Series, American Geophysical Union, Geological Society of America, 18, 97-113.

Hrouda, F., 1993. Theoretical models of magnetic anisotropy to strain relationship revisited. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 77, 237-249.

Jahn, B.M., Wu, F.Y., Chen, B., 2000. Massive granitoid generation in Central Asia: Nd isotope evidence and implication for continental growth in the Phanerozoic. Episodes, 23(2), 82-92.

Japas, M.S., 1999. Revisión de las teorías acerca del arco de las Sierras Australes de Buenos Aires. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 54(1), 9-22.

Jarosewich, E.J., Nelen, J.A., Norberg, J.A, 1980. Reference samples for electron microprobe analysis. Geostand. Newsl, 4, 43-47.

Jelinek, V., 1978. Statistical processing of magnetic susceptibility measured in groups of specimens. Studia Geophysical Geodynamics, 22, 50-62.

Kostadinoff, J., Gregori, D.A., Raniolo, A., 2005. Configuración geofísica-geológica del sector norte de la provincia de Río Negro. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 60, 368-376.

Leanza, A.F., 1958. Geología Regional. In: Peuser (ed.). La Argentina, Suma de Geografía. Buenos Aires, 1(3), 217-349.

Linares, E., Llambías, E.J., Latorre, C.O., 1980. Geología de la provincia de La Pampa, República Argentina y geocronología de sus rocas metamórficas y eruptivas. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 35(1), 87-146.

Llambías, E.J., Sato, A.M., 1995. El Batolito de Colanguil: transición entre orogénesis y anorogénesis. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 50, 111-131.

Llambías, E.J., Varela, R., Basei, M., Sato, A.M., 2002. Deformación y metamorfismo neopaleozoico en Yaminué, Macizo Norpatagónico (40°50’S/67°40’W): su relación con la Fase Orogénica San Rafael y el arco de las Gondwánides. In: Cabaleri, N., Cingolani, C.A., Linares, E., López de Luchi, M.G., Ostera, H.A., Panarello H.O. (eds.). El Calafate, Actas 15th Congreso Geológico Argentino. Buenos Aires, Asociación Geológica Argentina, 3, 123-128.

Llambías, E.J., Quenardelle, S., Montenegro T., 2003. The Choiyoi Group from central Argentina: a subalkaline transitional to alkaline association in the craton adjacent to the active margin of the Gondwana continent. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 16, 243-257.

Loewy, S., Connelly, J.N., Dalziel, I.W.D., Gower, C.F., 2003. Eastern Laurentia in Rodinia: Constraints from whole-rock Pb and U-Pb geochronology. In: Sircombe, K.N., McElhinny, M.W. (eds.). Orogenic belts, regional and global tectonics: A memorial volume to Chris McAulay Powell. Tectonophysics, 375, 169-197.

Loewy, S.L., Connelly, J.N., Dalziel, I.W.D., 2004. An orphaned basement block: The Arequipa-Antofalla Basement of the central Andean margin of South America. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 116(1-2); 171-187.

López de Luchi, M.G., Wemmer, K., Rapalini, A.E., 2008. The cooling history of the North Patagonian Massif: first results for the granitoids of the Valcheta area, Río Negro, Argentina. In: Linares, E., Cabaleri, N.G., Do Campo, M.D., Ducós, E.I., Panarello, H.O. (eds.). Book of Abstracts, VI South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, San Carlos de Bariloche, Abstracts, 33.

López de Luchi, M.G., Rapalini, A.E., Tomezzoli, R.N., 2010. Magnetic Fabric and Microstructures of Late Paleozoic granitoids from the North Patagonian Massif: Evidence of a collision between Patagonia and Gondwana? Tectonophysics, in press.

López Gamundi, O.R., Breitkreuz, C., 1997. Carboniferous to Triassic evolution of the Panthalassan margin in southern South America. In: López Dickins, J.M. (ed.). LatePaleozoic and Early Mesozoic events and their Global Correlation. Cambridge University Press, 8-19.

Manceñido, M.O., Damborenea, S.E, 1984. Megafauna de Invertebrados paleozoicos y mesozoicos. San Carlos de Bariloche, Relatorio del 9th Congreso Geológico Argentino, 413-465.

McElhinny, M.W., McFadden, P.L., 2000. Paleomagnetism. Continents and Oceans. London, Academic Press, Internat, Geophysics Series, 73, 386pp.

McGuire, A.V., Francis, C.A., Diar, M.D., 1992. Mineral standards for electronmicroprobe analysis of oxygen. American Mineralogist, 77, 1087-1091.

Morelli, C., Gantar, C., Honkasalo, T., Mc Connell, R.K., Tanner, J.G., Szabo, B., Uotila, U., Whalen, C.T., 1974. The International Gravity Standardization Net 1971 (I.G.S.N.71). International Association of Geodesy, 4(Special Publication), 194pp.

Mpodozis, C., Ramos, V.A., 1989. The Andes of Chile and Argentina. In: Ericksen, G.E., Cañas Pinochet, M.T., Relnemund, J.A. (eds.). Geology of the Andes and its relation to hydrocarbon and mineral resources. Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Houston (Texas), Earth Science Series, 11, 59-90.

Pankhurst, R.J., Rapela, C.W. (eds.), 1998. The Proto-Andean margin of Gondwana. Geological Society of London Special Publication, 142, 383pp.

Pankhurst, R.J., Caminos, R., Rapela, C.W., 1993. Problemas geocronológicos de los granitoides gondwánicos de Nahuel Niyeu, Macizo Norpatagónico. Mendoza, 12th Congreso Geológico Argentino, 4(Actas), 99-104.

Pankhurst, R.J., Rapela, C.W., Fanning, C.M., Márquez, M., 2006. Gondwanide continental collision and the origin of Patagonia. Earth-Science Reviews, 76, 235-257.

Ramos, V.A., 1984. Patagonia: ¿Un continente paleozoico a la deriva? San Carlos de Bariloche, 9th Congreso Geológico Argentino, 2(Actas), 311-325.

Ramos, V.A., 2002. Evolución tectónica. In: Haller, M.J. (ed.). Geología y Recursos Naturales de Santa Cruz. El Calafate, 15th Congreso Geológico Argentino, Relatorio, 365-387.

Ramos, V.A., 2004. Cuyania, an exotic block to Gondwana: Review of a historical success and the present problems. Gondwana Research, 7(4), 1009-1026.

Ramos, V.A., 2008. Patagonia: a Paleozoic continent adrift? Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 26(3), 235-251.

Rapalini, A.E., 1998. Syntectonic magnetization of the MidPaleozoic Sierra Grande Formation. Further constraints for the tectonic evolution of Patagonia. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 155, 105-114.

Rapalini, A.E., 2005. The accretionary history of southern South America from the latest Proterozoic to the late Paleozoic: some paleomagnetic constraints. In: Vaughan, A.P.M., Leat, P.T., Pankhurst, R.J. (eds.). Terrane processes at the margins of Gondwana. London, Geological Society of London, 246(Special Publication), 305-328.

Rapalini, A.E., Vilas, J.F., 1991. Preliminary paleomagnetic data from the Sierra Grande Formation: Tectonic consequences of the first mid-Paleozoic paleopoles from Patagonia. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 4(1-2), 25-41.

Rapela, C.W., Caminos, R., 1987. Geochemical characteristics of the Upper Paleozoic magmatism in the eastern sector of Northpatagonian Massif. Revista Brasileira de Geociencias, 17(4), 535- 543.

Rapela, C.W., Pankhurst, R.J., Casquet, C., Fanning, C.M., Baldo, E.G., González-Casado, J.M., Galindo, C., Dahlquist, J., 2007. The Río de la Plata craton and the assembly of SW Gondwana. Earth-Science Reviews, 83, 49-82.

Schwartz, J.J., Gromet, L.P., 2004. Provenance of a late Proterozoic-early Cambrian basin, Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina. Precambrian Research, 129, 1-21.

Sellés Martínez, J., 1989. The structure of Sierras Australes (Buenos Aires Prov. Argentina) An example of folding in a transpressive environment. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2(4), 317-329.

Steenken, A., Werner, K., López de Luchi, M.G., Siegesmund, S., Pawlig, S., 2004. Crustal Provenance and Cooling of the Basement Complexes of the Sierra de San Luis: An Insight Into the Tectonic History of the Pro to-Andean Margin of Gondwana. Gondwana Research, 7(4), 1171-1195.

Steenken, A., Siegesmund, S., López de Luchi, M.G., Wemmer, K., Frei, R., 2006. Neoproterozoic to Early Palaeozoic events in the Sierra de San Luis: Implications for the Famatinian geodynamics in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas (Argentina). Journal Geological Society of London, 163, 965-982.

Tarling, D.H., Hrouda, F., 1993. The magnetic anisotropy of rocks. London, Chapman and Hall, 232pp.

Tickyj, H., Dimieri, L.V., Llambías, E.J., Sato, A.M., 1997. Cerro Los Viejos (38° 28’S - 64° 26’O): Cizallamiento dúctil en el sudeste de La Pampa. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 52(3), 311-321.

Tickyj, H., Basei, M.A.S., Sato, A.M., Llambías, E.J., 1999. U-Pb and K-Ar ages of Pichi Mahuida group, crystalline basement of south-eastern La Pampa province, Argentina. Córdoba (Argentina), 2nd South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Actas, 139-142.

Tohver, E., Cawood, P.A., Rossello, E.A., Riccomini, C., 2007. Demise of the Gondwana ice sheet in SW Gondwana: time constraints from U-Pb zircon ages. Santiago, Universidad de Chile, Geosur 2007, An International Congress on the Geology and Geophysics of the Southern Hemisphere, 163 (Abstract volume), 139-142.

Tohver, E., Cawood, P.A., Rossello, E., López de Luchi, M.G., Rapalini, A., Jourdan, F., 2008. New SHRIMP U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar constraints on the crustal stabilization of southern South America, from the margin of the Rio de Plata (Sierra de Ventana) craton to northern Patagonia. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting, EOS(Abstract), T23C-2052.

Tomezzoli, R.N., 2001. Further palaeomagnetic results from the Sierras Australes fold and thrust belt, Argentina. Geophysical Journal International, 147, 356-366.

Tomezzoli, R.N., Vilas, J.F., 1999. Paleomagnetic constraints on the age of deformation of the Sierras Australes thrust and fold belt, Argentina. Geophysical Journal International, 138, 857-870.

Tomezzoli, R.N., MacDonald, W.D., Tickyj, H., 2003. Composite magnetic fabrics and S-C structure in granitic gneiss of Cerro de los Viejos, La Pampa province, Argentina. Journal of Structural Geology, 25(2), 159-169.

Uliana, M.A., Biddle, K.T., 1987. Permian to Late Cenozoic evolution of Northern Patagonia: main tectonic events, magmatic activity and depositional trends. In: McKenzie, G.D. (ed.). Gondwana Six: Structure, Tectonics and Geophysics. Washington, American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph, 40, 271-286.

Uriz, N.J., Cingolani, C.A., Chemale, F.Jr., Armstrong, R.A., 2008a. U-Pb detrital zircon data from the Paleozoic Sierra Grande formation, North Patagonian Massif, Argentina. In: Linares, E., Cabaleri, N.G., Do Campo, M.D., Ducós, E.I., Panarello, H.O. (eds.). Books of Abstracts. San Carlos de Bariloche, VI South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, Abstracts, 162.

Uriz, N.J., Cingolani, C.A., Chemale Jr.F., Macambira, M.J., 2008b. Edades U-Pb en circones detríticos del Grupo Ventana (Provincia de Buenos Aires) y de la Formación Sierra Grande (Macizo Nordpatagónico): Análisis comparativo de Procedencia. San Salvador de Jujuy, 17th Congreso Geológico Argentino, Abstracts, 912-914.

Varela, R., Llambías, E.J., Basei, M.A.S., 2005. Caracterización química y geotectónica del Complejo Yaminué, basamento cristalino del Macizo Norpatagónico. La Plata, Congreso Geológico Argentino, 1(Actas), 377-384.

Vaughan, A.P.M., Pankhurst, R.J., 2008. Tectonic overview of the west Gondwana margin. Gondwana Research, 13, 150-162.

von Gosen, W., 2002. Polyphase structural evolution in the northeastern segment of the North Patagonian Massif (southern Argentina). Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 15, 591-623.

von Gosen, W., 2003. Thrust tectonics in the North Patagonian massif (Argentina): implications for a Patagonian plate. Tectonics, 22 (1), 1005, 33pp. doi:10.1029/2001TC901039.

Webring, M., 1985. SAKI: A Fortran program for generalized linear inversion of gravity and magnetic profiles. United States Geological Survey, 85-122(Open File Report), 108pp.

Wu, F.Y., Jahn, B.M., Wilde, S.A., Lo, C., Yui, T.F., Lin, Q., Ge, W.C., Sun, D.Y., 2003. Highly fractionated I-type granites in NE China (II): isotopic geochemistry and implications for crustal growth in the Phanerozoic. Lithos, 67, 191-204.

Zanettini, J.C., 1981. La Formación Sierra Grande (Provincia de Rio Negro). Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 36, 160-179.

Zappettini, E.O., Chernicoff, C.J., Villar, M.L., 2005. La faja de metagabros de La Pampa: evidencias geoquímicas y petrológicas de un magmatismo de retroarco en la región centro-austral argentina. La Plata, 16th Congreso Geológico Argentino, Actas III, 45-52.

Downloads

Published

2011-01-11