Risk factors related to maternal self-efficacy among Mexican women: A comparison between Mexico and the United States of America

Abstract

Depression and intimate partner violence affect women in different ways. One such way pertains to their perceived maternal competence. The present study examined the effects of depression and intimate partner violence on maternal self-efficacy among Mexican women living in Mexico and the United States of America. A total of 136 women (91 Mexican immigrant women livingin the United States of America and 45 Mexican women living in Mexico) completed three questionnaires. Results showed that mothers in Mexico reported higher levels of depression, as well as increased incidence of physical and psychological violence. Furthermore, in a multiple regression analysis, educational level and depression were significant predictors of maternal self-efficacy. A mediating effect of depression on the relationship between physical violence and maternal self-efficacy was also found. Overall, Mexican immigrant women living in the United States of America appeared to have higher levels of maternal self-efficacy in comparison to mothers living in Mexico.