Mineral chemistry and P-T conditions of the Karakaya volcanites at Kırka-Afyon-Isparta volcanic province, Afyon, Turkey

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1344/GeologicaActa2024.22.2

Keywords:

Mineral Chemistry, Thermobarometry, KAIVP, Karakaya volcanites, Western Turkey

Abstract

The Kırka-Afyon-Isparta Volcanic Province (KAIVP) is one of the best known regions in Turkey for the origin and petrological evolution of the high potassium volcanic activity. The temporal and spatial variability of volcanic rocks in the region exerts significant control over their geochemical diversity. Alkaline and ultrapotassic volcanic rocks of the Afyon volcanism are the first products of asthenospheric origin after the orogenesis in western Anatolia. We have determined the mineralogical and petrographic properties of the Karakaya volcanites surrounding Afyon with the help of microprobe analyses. Estimated thermobarometers are calculated. The Karakaya volcanites have been grouped into four different units according to their their mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical characteristics: Seydiler ignimbirite, basaltic trachyandesite, trachyandesite, trachyte and lamproite. Most samples display hypocrystalline porphyritic texture, whereas samples of lamproite unit have a holocrystalline texture. Generally, volcanic units also exhibit some textural evidence of disequilibrium crystallisation, such as sieve texture and corrosion in plagioclase phenocrysts, zoning and inclusions in clinopyroxene phenocrysts. Mineral thermobarometric estimations in all suites were tested on clinopyroxene and feldspar compositions, considering different authors’ approaches. Values of temperatures and pressure range from 1105 to 1273ºC and 5.6 to 12.2kbar, respectively. The temperature and pressure values calculated from the mineral-melt associations in the volcanics suggest that the Afyon Volcanites were affected by magma mixing processes and crystallised at different depths during the transport of magma.

 

Resumen

La provincia volcánica de Kırka-Afyon-Isparta es una de las regiones más conocidas de Turquía por su origen y evolución petrológica de actividad volcánica rica en potasio. La variabilidad temporal y espacial de las rocas volcánicas de la región ejerce un control significativo sobre su diversidad geoquímica. Las rocas volcánicas alcalinas y ultrapotásicas del vulcanismo de Afyon son los primeros productos de origen astenosferico después de la orogénesis en Anatolia occidental. Se han determinado las propiedades mineralógicas y petrográficas de la vulcanita de Karakaya que rodea Afyon mediante análisis de microsonda. Se calcuan los parámetros termobarometricos estimados. Las vulcanitas de Karakaya se han agrupado en cuatro unidades diferentes en función de sus características mineralógicas, petrográficas y geoquímicas: ignimbrita de Seydiler, traquiandesita basáltica, traquiandesita, traquita y lamproíta. La mayoría de muestras tienen una estructura porfídica hipocristalina mientras que, las muestras de la unidad de lamproíta tienen una textura holocristalina. Generalmente, las unidades volcánicas también presentan evidencias texturales de cristalización desordenada, como textura de tamiz y corrosión en los fenocristales de las plagioclasas y zonación e inclusiones en los fenocristales de los clinopiroxenos. Las estimaciones termobarométricas de los minerales se probaron en composiciones de clinopiroxeno y feldespato, considerando los enfoques de diferentes autores. Los valores de temperatura y presión oscilan entre los 1105 y 1273ºC y entre 5.6 y 12.2kbar, respectivamente. Los valores de presión y temperatura calculados a partir de las asociaciones de mineral-fundido en los volcanes sugieren que las vulcanitas de Afyon han estado afectadas por procesos de mezcla de magma y de cristalización a diferentes profundidades durante el transporte de magma.

Palabras clave: Química Mineral, Termobarometría, KAIVP, Volcanitas Karakaya, Turquía Occidental.

 

Resum

La província volcànica de Kırka-Afyon-Isparta és una de les regions més conegudes de Turquia per l’origen i evolució petrològica d’activitat volcànica rica en potassi. La variabilitat temporal i espacial de les roques volcàniques de la regió exerceix un control significatiu sobre la seva diversitat geoquímica. Les roques volcàniques alcalines i ultrapotàssiques del vulcanisme d’Afyon són els primers productes d’origen astenosfèric després de l’orogènesi a Anatòlia occidental. S’han determinat les propietats mineralògiques i petrogràfiques de la vulcanita de Karakaya que envolta Afyon amb l’ajuda d’anàlisis de microsonda. Es calculen els paràmetres termobaromètrics estimats. Les vulcanites de Karakaya s’han agrupat en quatre unitats diferents segons les seves característiques mineralògiques, petrogràfiques i geoquímiques: ignimbrita de Seydiler, traquiandesita basàltica, traquiandesita, traquita i lamproïta. La majoria de mostres tenen una textura porfírica hipocristal·lina mentre que, les mostres de la unitat de lamproïta tenen una textura holocristal·lina. Generalment, les unitats volcàniques també presenten evidències texturals de cristal·lització desordenada, com ara textura de tamís i corrosió als fenocristalls de les plagiòclasis i zonació i inclusions als fenocristalls dels clinopiroxens. Les estimacions termobaromètriques dels minerals es van provar en composicions de clinopiroxè i feldspat, considerant els enfocaments de diferents autors. Els valors de temperatura i pressió oscil·len entre 1105 i 1273ºC i entre 5.6 i 12.2kbar, respectivament. Els valors de pressió i temperatura calculats a partir de associacions de mineral-fos en els volcans suggereixen que els vulcanites d’Afyon han estat afectades per processos de barreja de magma i de cristal·lització a diferents profunditats durant el transport del magma.

Paraules clau: Química Mineral, Termobarometria, KAIVP, Volcanites Karakaya, Turquia Occidental.

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