Portuguese industry and Portuguese engineers: the story of an episode in a difficult relationship

Abstract

The Alvitres (Suggestions), published in the Revista de Obras Publicas e Minas (Journal of Mines and Public Works) in 1899, is an important public statement of the Portuguese engineers about their role in bringing Portugal to the forefront of developed countries. The "Alvitres" are addressed both to the government and to the very Association of Civil Engineers of Portugal. The first 10 suggestions made to the government are clearly inspired by a protectionist philosophy. They cover three main areas: know-how and innovation, industry as a new market for young engineers, and the educational system. The remaining 8 allow us to foresee both the strategies and the power of the Association as a lobby within the Portuguese economic and political circles.In this paper I shall look at the "Alvitres", as an important episode which unveils the difficult relationship between engineering and industry in 19th century Portugal.