12. Enhancing Democracy through Economic and Urban Inclusion: the Case of “Independent Community Platforms” Governing Biscay
Keywords:
“independent community platforms”, public policies promoting economical integration, public policies promoting urban integration, participatory budgeting, community development, proximity democracy.Abstract
From 1991 on, a phenomenon has been identified in Biscay: the emergence and growth of “independent community platforms”, a differenciated category that has become an alternative to traditional political parties and their “white” brands, their split-offs and their coalitions. Therefore, the goal of this study is to define this new political subject and to analyse the structural factors explaining its emergence by placing both the territory and the economy in the centre of our study. Thus, another goal is to identify the processes of democratic enhancement through public policies promoting urban and economical integration, while participatory processes such as participatory budgeting, community development and proximity democracy are also taken into account.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
AUTHORS RETAIN COPYRIGHT. CREATIVE COMMONS
The authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms
- The authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication of the work, which will be disseminated following the Creative Commons Attribution license.
- Authors are free to establish additional independent contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (such as publication in an institutional or thematic repository, their personal website or a book), provided have your initial publication in this journal recognized.
- Texts will be published under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work, provided they include an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship, its initial publication in this journal and the terms of the license.
- Self-archiving of pre-print and post-print versions is allowed.