An Unexplored Facet of International Business in Greece: Foreign and Diaspora Shareholders in Joint Stock Company Start-Ups, 1833-1920
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2016.2.j014Palabras clave:
Greece, Joint stock company, Start-up, International shareholders, Diaspora, Business strategyResumen
This paper focuses on an unexplored aspect of the history of international business in Greece, the presence of international shareholders in Greek Joint stock company start-ups. Our main findings are that these investors participated in numerous such firms usually as minority shareholders in capital and or knowledge intensive firms. Rarely did they opt for the exclusive international ownership of a joint stock company in Greece and the dividing line between foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment was not always clear. It is also the case that international capital inflow into the nascent corporate sector involved a mosaic of collaborating actors including not only the foreign but also the diasporic.
Descargas
Citas
Agriantonis, Christina. 1986. The Beginnings of Industrialisation in Greece During the 19th Century. Athens: Historical Archive of the Commercial Bank of Greece (In Greek).
Agriantonis, Christina, and Maria-Christina Chatziioannou. 1995. The Silkmill of Athens. Athens: National Research Foundation (In Greek).
Almanach. 1857. Annuaire-Almanach du Commerce, de l’Industrie, de la Magistrature et de l’Administration. Paris: Firmin-Didot Frères.
Angelopoulos, Angelos Th. 1928. Sociétés Anonymes in Greece. Athens: Greek Society of Scientific Studies (In Greek).
Angelopoulou, Enta. 2003. “The creation of joint stock companies, 1910-1922.” MSc diss., University of Economics and Business (In Greek).
Amatori, Franco, and Andrea Colli. 2011. Business History Complexities and Comparisons. Abingdon: Routledge.
Chang, Ha-Joon. 2004. “Regulation of Foreign Investment in Historical Perspective.” In Understanding FDI-Assisted Economic Development, edited by Rajneesh Narula, and Sanjaya Lall, 241-269. Abingdon: Routledge.
Chatziioannou, Maria-Christina. 2003. Family strategy and commercial antagonism. Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank of Greece (In Greek).
Chatziioannou, Maria-Christina 2013. The Original Sin Debt. The Loans of Greek Independence. Athens: Gutenberg (In Greek).
Dertilis, Giorgos. 1989. The Banking Affair (1871-1873). Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank of Greece (In Greek).
Dertilis, Giorgos. 2009. History of the Greek State 1830-1920. Athens: Estia (In Greek).
Frangiadhis, Alexis 2007. The Greek Economy 19th–20th Century. Athens: Alexandreia. (In Greek).
Foreman-Peck, James, and Ioanna Sapfo Pepelasis. 2013. “Entrepreneurs and Businessmen in Greece during the Long Nineteenth Century.” In Entrepreneurship and Growth: An International Historical Perspective, edited by Gabriel Tortella, and Gloria Quiroga, 49-68. London: Palgrave.
Godley, Andrew. 2006. “Migration of Entrepreneurs.” In The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurship, edited by Mark Casson Bernard Yeung, Anuradha Basu, and Nigel Wadeson, 601-610. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Grange, Daniel J. 1994. L’Italie et la Méditerranée (1896-1911) Les fondements d’une politique étrangère. Rome: Ecole Française de Rome. 2v.
Grunwald, Kurt. 1977. “Three chapters of German-Jewish banking history.” Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook 22 (1): 191-208.
Harlaftis, Gelina. 1996. A history of Greek-owned Shipping. The Making of an International Tramp Fleet, 1830 to the present day. London: Routledge.
Jones, Geoffrey. 2007. “Globalization.” In The Oxford Handbook of Business History, edited by Geoffrey Jones and Jonathan Zeitlin, 141-168. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Karavas, Konstantinos. 1930. Theoretical and Practical Textbook of Sociétés Anonymes. Athens: n.p. (In Greek).
Kostis, Kostas, and Socrates Petmezas. 2006. The Economic Development of Greece in the Nineteenth Century. Athens: Alpha Bank (In Greek).
Kostis, Kostas, and Vasias Tsokopoulos. 1988. Banks in Greece 1898-1928. Athens: Papazisis (In Greek).
Langlois, Richard N. 2007. The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism Schumpeter, Chandler and the New Economy. Abingdon: Routledge.
Lazaretou, Sofia. 2013. From Default to Recession. The International Financial Supervision of 1898 in Greece. Athens: Gutenberg (In Greek).
Mackroth, Siegfried. 1930. Das Deutschtum in Griechenland. Stuttgart: Ausland-und-Heimat Verlag
Melios, Nikolaos. 1987. Copais, 19th and 20th Century. Athens: Unpublished typescript. (In Greek).
Micklethwait, John, and Adrian Wooldridge. 2003. The Company. A short history of a revolutionary idea. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
Miravitlles, Paloma, and Yingying Zhang. 2016. “Six Decades of Business Research: Where Next?” Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business 1 (1): 63-94.
Neal, Larry, and Jeffrey G. Williamson. 2015. Cambridge History of Capitalism Volume II The Spread of Capitalism: From 1848 to the Present. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Noel-Baker, Barbro. 2000. An isle of Greece - The Noels in Euboea. Limni Evia: Denise-Harvey.
Park-Barjot, Rang-Ri. 2005. La société de construction des Batignolles: Des origines à la première guerre mondiale, Paris: Presses de l’ Université Paris-Sorbonne.
Pandelakis, Nikos. 1991. Electrification in Greece, from private initiative to state monopoly 1889-1956. Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank of Greece (In Greek).
Pandelakis, Nikos. 1995. Public Loans. Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank of Greece (In Greek).
Papanikolaou-Kristensen, Aristea. 1995. “The suburb of Metaxourgeion in Athens: from the commercial centre to the factory.” In The Athens Silkmill, edited by Christina Agriantonis, and Maria-Christina Chatziioannou, 44-82. Athens: National Research Foundation (In Greek).
Papayiannakis, Lefteris. 1982. The Greek Railways (1882‒1910): Geopolitical, Economic and Social Dimensions. Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank of Greece (In Greek).
Papayiannopoulou, Eva. 1989. The Corinth Canal: Technical Feat and Economic Challenge. Athens: Cultural and Technological Foundation of the Greek Bank of Industrial Development (EΤΒΑ) (In Greek).
Pepelasis Minoglou, Ioanna. 1995. “Political Factors Shaping the Role of Foreign Finance: The Case of Greece (1832-1932).” In The New Institutional Economics and Third World Development, edited by John Harriss, Janet Hunter, and Colin M Lewis, 250-264. Abingdon: Routledge.
Pepelasis Minoglou, Ioanna. 2002. “Ethnic Minority Groups in International Banking: Greek Bankers of Constantinople and Ottoman State Finances c. 1840-1881.” Financial History Review, 9 (2):125-146.
Pepelasis Minoglou, Ioanna. 2002a. “Between Informal Networks and Formal Contracts: International Investment in Greece during the 1920s.” Business History 44 (2): 40-64.
Pepelasis Minoglou, Ioanna. 2010. “Constructing ‘Big’ Business in a Small latecomer Country: Joint Stock Company founders in Greec, 1830-1909.” In EU Funded Basic Research at the Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens: Athens University of Economics and Business.
Pepelasis, Ioanna Sapfo. 2010a. “Entrepreneurial Typologies in a Young Nation State: Evidence from the founding charters of Greek Société Anonymes, 1830-1909.” In The Historical Determinants of Entrepreneurship, edited by Jose L. García Ruiz, and Pier Angelo Toninelli, 33-47. London: Pickering and Chatto.
Pepelasis, Ioanna Sapfo. 2011. “Joint stock company births in Greece (1830-1909): Demography and rising expectations.” Working Paper Series 06-2011, Athens University Economics and Business Department of Economics. http://www.econ.aueb.gr/uploadfiles/811Pepelasis.
Pepelasis, Ioanna Sapfo, and Konstantinos Aivalis. 2014. “Joint stock company Births in Turbulent Times: Greece, 1909-1929.” Working Paper Series 5-2014, Athens University Economics and Business Department of Economics. http://www.econ.aueb.gr/uploadfiles/AllDP052014.pdf.
Pepelasis, Ioanna Sapfo, and Aimilia Protogerou. 2016. “A break with the past? The shift from inward looking to internationally competitive global firms.” Paper presented at the Jean Monnet Seminar of the Department of Economics, Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece, April 13.
Pepelasis, Ioanna Sapfo, and Dimitrios Varvaritis. 2016. “Jewish enterprising in the Greek Nation State: A New Perspective. The evidence from joint stock company start-ups 1830-1929.” In Jewish communities between East and West 15th-20th centuries: Economy, Society, Politics, Culture, edited by Anna Mahera and Leda Papastefanaki. Ioannina: Isnafi (Forthcoming).
Roth, Günther. 2001. Max Webers deutsch-englische Familiengeschicte 1800-1950. Tübingen, Mohr Siebeck.
Schönhärl, Korinna. 2013. “Fighting the financial crisis in Greece: the privileged company to protect production and trade in currants as international bank cooperation.” The Historical Review/La Révue Historique 10: 107-134.
Stephanides, Demosthenes. 1930. The inflow of Foreign Capital and its economic and political consequences. Thessaloniki: University of Thessaloniki (In Greek).
Strong, Frederick. 1842. Greece as a Kingdom. London: Longman.
Syngros, Andreas. 1998. Memoirs. Edited by Alkis Angelou, and Maria-Christina Chatziioannou. Athens: Estia (In Greek). 3v.
Tsotsoros, Stathis N. 1994. The Formation of Industrial Capital in Greece (1898‒1939). Athens: Cultural Foundation of the National Bank of Greece (In Greek). 2v.
Vikelas, Dimitrios. 1997. My life. In Collected Works, edited by Alkis Angelou, Vol. 2. Athens: Association for the Dissemination of useful Books. 8v.
Yiannitsis, Anastasios. 1977. “Foreign direct investments in Greece and the shaping of the modern Greek economy (1830-1939).” Greek Review of Social Research 30: 234-25 (In Greek).