Midiendo el desempeño de China en la economía mundial. Una comparación entre las economías de China y el Reino Unido a principios del siglo xx
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/rhiihr.38046Palabras clave:
China, principios del siglo XX, industrialización, productividad laboralResumen
Este estudio se centra en la industrialización de China antes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y ofrece un nuevo punto de partida para revisar procesos de desarrollo industrial temprano. Proporciona las primeras estimaciones sobre factores de conversión de la paridad de poder adquisitivo (PPA) entre China y el Reino Unido para principios de la década de 1910. A continuación, presenta cálculos sobre indicadores estadísticos, producción comparada y productividad del trabajo, con el objetivo de dar respuesta a preguntas sobre el nivel relativo que, después de medio siglo de intento de convergencia con Occidente, había alcanzado la incipiente manufactura china al final del imperio Qing (1911). A partir de una comparación entre el nuevo año de referencia para la década de 1910 y los años de 1930, este trabajo también muestra, por primera vez, el desarrollo de la temprana actividad manufacturera china durante los años de entreguerras. Observamos que durante este período el crecimiento redujo la distancia entre China y las economías industrializadas; sin embargo, esta mejora no fue única para la China de preguerra, especialmente si se compara con el ritmo de industrialización del Japón de la era Meijí. La nueva información para 1911 también ayuda a mostrar el patrón regional del crecimiento industrial de la China de preguerra.
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