Ann Arbor SPARK – Network Intelligence clau en l’emergència de la nova generació de parcs de ciència y tecnologia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j108Paraules clau:
innnovació, emprenedor, parc de ciència i tecnologia, Triple Hêlix, Triangle del Coneixement, Intel·ligència connectada, Xarxa IQ, Indústria 4.0Resum
En aquest article, revisem l'evolució del fenomen conegut com a parcs científics i tecnològics (STP) com un instrument dissenyat per estimular la innovació i l'esperit empresarial en el nivell d'un ecosistema regional. Desenvolupem un concepte de la pròxima generació de STP, o STP 2.0, com una xarxa empresarial de firmes ubicades en proximitat i com un node vital en les xarxes de creació de valor en una regió. Construïm la nostra definició basant-nos en diverses xarxes de creació de valor, com ara exemples a Triple Hèlix i el Triangle del Coneixement. Analitzem els factors humans i socials relacionats amb l'eficàcia de la utilització de xarxes per a la innovació vers objectius diversos en el paradigma teoritzat com el marc d'intel·ligència connectada, i després, descrivim la creació i l'evolució d'Ann Arbor SPARK com un exemple de SPT 2.0 centrat en el seu disseny organitzatiu com a plataforma comunitària, la seva cultura de xarxes connectant centres aïllats de recerca i la indústria i projectes específics dissenyats per accelerar el temps dels laboratoris als mercats de la regió post industrial de la Rust Belt Michigan als Estats Units. Acabem l'article amb una llista de conclusions que expliquen el disseny de nous parcs i la transformació dels STP existents dissenyats i gestionats principalment com una inversió immobiliària sota la falsa suposició de que la mera localització propera d’agents empresarials en una localització física és suficient per fomentar la innovació i l’esperit empresarial.
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Drets d'autor (c) 2022 Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business
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