La eutanasia como antídoto del suicidio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/rbd2019.0.26764Keywords:
conciencia de mortalidad, sufrimiento, eutanasia, opción legal, suicidioAbstract
Este trabajo comienza con una reflexión sobre la conciencia de mortalidad y la forma en que el ser humano puede situarse en la antesala de su propia muerte, refiriéndose algunas de las circunstancias y motivaciones en el suicidio. Por otra parte, se hace referencia a la formulación y postura filosófica de Cioran sobre el suicidio como recurso existencial para poder afrontar la vida en mejores condiciones. De manera semejante puede considerarse la eutanasia, observándose en su relación con el suicidio que la opción legal de acogerse a ella puede suponer para ciertas personas un alejamiento del suicidio mientras que su prohibición las puede precipitar a la autodestrucción definitiva para poder escapar así del sufrimiento insufrible.References
RLE J. y ALTERMAN R. 1999, “Surgical options in Parkinson's disease”. Med. Clin. North. Am. 83, pp. 483–98.
BOSTROM N. 2005, “In Defense of Posthuman Dignity”. Bioethics. 19, 3, pp. 202–214.
CASABONA C. M. 2013, “Consideraciones jurídicas sobre los procedimientos experimentales de mejora (enhancement) en neurociências”. Percurso Acadêmico, Belo Horizonte, v. 3, n. 5, pp 80-107.
CLAUSEN J. 2009, “Man, machine and in between”. Nature. 457, (7233): pp.1080–1.
DAVIDSON D. 1963, “Actions, reasons, and causes”. Journal of Philosophy 60 (23), pp. 685-700.
FLORIDI L. y TADDEO M. 2016, “What is data ethics?” Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, vol. 374, no. 2083 20160360.
GIFFORD R. et al. 2008, “Speech recognition materials and ceiling effects: considerations for cochlear implant programs”. Audiol Neurootol. 13(3),pp. 193-205.
HAGGARD P. y TSAKIRIS M. 2009, “The Experience of Agency Feelings, Judgments, and Responsibility”. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18(4), pp. 242–246.
HIL R. 2016, “What an algorithm is?” Philosophy and Technology 29, 1, pp. 35-59.
HOCHBERG. L. et al. 2006, “Neuronal ensemble control of prosthetic devices by a human with tetraplegia”. Nature, 442, 7099, pp. 164–71.
IENCA M. y ANDORNO R. 2017, “Towards new human rights in the age of neuroscience and neurotechnology”. Life Sci Soc Policy. 13, (1) 5.
LAAT P. 2018, “Algorithmic decision-making based on machine learning from Big Data: Can transparency restore accountability?” Philosophy & Technology 31, 4, pp 525–541.
LIPTON Z. 2018 “The mythos of model interpretability” Queue - Machine Learning 16 3 pp 1-27.
MASHAT M., LI G. y ZHANG D. 2017, “Human-to-human closed-loop control based on brain-to-brain interface and muscle-to-muscle interface”. Scientific Reports. 7, 11001.
MELE A. 1987, “Intentional Action and Wayward Causal Chains: The Problem of Tertiary Waywardness”. Philosophical Studies. 51, 1,pp. 55-60.
MONASTERIO ASTOBIZA A. 2017, “Ética algorítmica: Implicaciones éticas de una sociedad cada vez más gobernada por algoritmos”. Dilemata, 24, pp. 185-217.
O´NEIL C. 2016, Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy. New York. Crown Publishing Group.
PACHERIE E. 2007, “The sense of control and the sense of agency”. Psyche, 13(1), pp. 1–30.
PENALOZA C. y NISHIO S. 2018, “BMI control of a third arm for multitasking”. Science Robotics. 3, 20, eaat1228.
PIEDIMONTE A. et al. 2016, “From intention to perception: The case of anosognosia for hemiplegia”. Neuropsychologia. 1, 87, pp. 43-53.
PONCE P., MOLINA A., BALDERAS D. y GRAMMATIKOU D. 2014, “Brain Computer Interfaces for Cerebral Palsy” En Cerebral Palsy - Challenges for the Future (eds) Emira Svraka InTech.
RAO R. et al. 2014, “A Direct Brain-to-Brain Interface in Humans”. PLOS One. 5, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111332.
REAGLE J. (2019), Hacking Life: Systematized Living and Its Discontents. Cam. Mass. MIT Press.
SEARLE J. 1983, Intentionality: An Essay in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
SCHERMER M. 2011, “Ethical issues in deep brain stimulation”. Front Integr Neurosci. 5: 17.
SNOW J. 2015, “Entering the Matrix: the Challenge of Regulating Radical Leveling Technologies” Tesis de Máster, Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
SYNOFZIK M., VOSGERAU G. y NEWEN, A. 2008, “Beyond the comparator model: A multifactorial two-step account of agency”. Consciousness and Cognition, 17, pp. 219–239.
TRAPP N.T., XIONG W. y CONWAY C.R. 2018, “Neurostimulation Therapies”. En: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
WEXLER A. 2017, “The Social Context of "Do-It-Yourself" Brain Stimulation: Neurohackers, Biohackers, and Lifehackers” Front Hum Neurosci. 10; 11:224.
WODLINGER B. et al. 2015, “Ten-dimensional anthropomorphic arm control in a human brain−machine interface: difficulties, solutions, and limitations,” Journal of Neural Engineering. 12, 1, 16011.
WOLKENSTEIN A., Jox R. y Friedrich O. 2018, “Brain–Computer Interfaces Lessons to Be Learned from the Ethics of Algorithms”. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 27, 4, pp. 635–646.
YOO S. et al. 2013, “Non-Invasive Brain-to-Brain Interface (BBI): Establishing Functional Links between Two Brains”. PLOS One https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060410.
YUSTE R. et al. 2017, “Four ethical priorities for neurotechnologies and AI”. Nature. 551(7679), pp. 159–63.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The author retains the copyright and grants Revista de Bioética y Derecho the right of first publication of the article. All articles published in Revista de Bioética y Derecho are under Creative Commons licensing Recognition – Non Commercial – NoDerivedArtwork (by-nc-nd 4.0), which allows sharing the content with third parties, provided that they acknowledge its authorship, initial publication in this journal and the terms of the license. No commercial use of the original work or generation of derivative works is permitted.