Explicant la transició del treball forçat al treball lliure a les mines de diamants de l’Angola colonial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/rhiihr.44588Paraules clau:
Angola, poder monopsònic, treball coercitiu, colonialismeResum
Aquest article examina l’evolució de les institucions laborals coercitives a l’Àfrica portuguesa a partir d’un detallat estudi de cas sobre la Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Diamang), una de les empreses colonials més importants de la regió. Utilitzant un model econòmic teòric, l’estudi aprofundeix en la persistència d’aquestes pràctiques extractives i la seva eventual transformació en sistemes més inclusius, impulsats pel mercat. En dibuixar la trajectòria històrica de Diamang, l’article explora com aquest sistema, profundament arrelat, va passar del treball coercitiu a un sistema de lliure mercat, una transformació que va ser impulsada per canvis sociopolítics significatius, com ara la independència brusca dels països veïns, els disturbis interns i les pressions internacionals. El model proporciona noves perspectives sobre el domini històric de les institucions laborals coercitives i revela com els impactes externs poden precipitar un canvi institucional ràpid. En definitiva, aquest estudi millora la nostra comprensió de la dinàmica del mercat laboral colonial i destaca la naturalesa evolutiva de les pràctiques extractives dins de la història econòmica, amb una referència específica al cas poc estudiat de l’imperi colonial portuguès.
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