Explicando la transición del trabajo forzado al trabajo libre en las minas de diamantes de la Angola colonial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/rhiihr.44588Palabras clave:
Angola, poder de monopsonio, trabajo coercitivo, colonialismoResumen
Este artículo examina la evolución de las instituciones laborales coercitivas en el África portuguesa a través de un estudio de caso detallado de la Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Diamang), una de las empresas coloniales más importantes de la región. Utilizando un modelo económico teórico, el estudio profundiza en la persistencia de estas prácticas extractivas y su eventual transformación en sistemas más inclusivos y orientados al mercado. Al trazar la trayectoria histórica de Diamang, el artículo explora cómo este sistema profundamente arraigado pasó del trabajo coercitivo a un sistema de libre mercado, transformación que fue impulsada por importantes cambios sociopolíticos, como la abrupta independencia de los países vecinos, los disturbios internos y las presiones internacionales. El modelo ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre el predominio histórico de las instituciones laborales coercitivas y revela cómo los impactos externos pueden precipitar un rápido cambio institucional. En definitiva, este estudio mejora nuestra comprensión de la dinámica del mercado de trabajo colonial y pone de relieve la naturaleza evolutiva de las prácticas extractivas dentro de la historia económica, con referencia específica al poco estudiado caso del imperio colonial portugués.
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