Entenent el desenvolupament de districtes d'innovació a través d'indicadors: El cas del 22@Barcelona
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j105Paraules clau:
districte d'innovació, indicador, triple hèlix, desenvolupament urbà basat en el coneixement, 22@Barcelona, desenvolupament, sostenibilitat, evolucióResum
Els districtes d'innovació estan augmentant com a abanderats del nou paradigma urbà, econòmic i social i com a solució al renaixement del centre de les ciutats ja que acceleren la creació i comercialització de noves idees que aprofiten els objectius de la ciutat i els seus atributs tecnològics i econòmics. La configuració d'indicadors precisos per mesurar el grau d'assoliment dels objectius dels districtes d'innovació és un dels principals requisits per garantir el desenvolupament adequat del districte. Fins i tot quan l'estudi dels districtes d'innovació és un tema cada vegada més estudiat, encara es coneix poc sobre la seva execució, i calen eines que analitzin i afavoreixin la seva evolució i desenvolupament. L'objectiu d'aquest document és doble: d'una banda, tracta de recollir i analitzar els indicadors que s'han utilitzat en la literatura per mesurar el grau de maduresa durant el transcurs dels 20 anys d'existència del 22@Barcelona, una àrea d'innovació que va transformar un antic districte industrial en un de coneixement. D'altra banda, guiat per les quatre dimensions de la teoria del Desenvolupament Urbà basat en el Coneixement i els principals actors que componen l'enfocament de la Triple Hèlix, l’article dissenya un marc d'indicadors en les quatre esferes que formen la regeneració del districte, és a dir, la urbana, econòmica, social i de governança. Com veurem, es proposen un total de 47 indicadors que indiquen per a cadascuna d'elles: l'entorn en el qual s'aplica, l'objectiu principal al qual respon, i l'actor principal amb el major poder d'acció sobre aquest tema.
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