Service-Learning and Moral Identity: a study based on the Theory of Organizing Models of Thinking

Authors

  • Marco Antonio Morgado da Silva Universidad de São Paulo, Brasil
  • Ulisses Ferreira de Araújo Universidad de São Paulo, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1344/RIDAS2023.15.1

Keywords:

moral identity, moral values, service-learning

Abstract

Many authors point to the construction of moral values as an important contribution to service-learning. However, there is little empirical research on whether and how this occurs, primarily in longitudinal and qualitative studies. In this article, value construction is understood as a process of integrating moral content into self-representation, which can constitute a moral identity. This article explores whether and how young people's participation in service-learning projects favours the integration of moral content into their self-representations. Using a qualitative and longitudinal approach, the research was conducted with 19 young females, protagonists of two service-learning projects developed as part of the high school curriculum in a school in Sao Paolo (Brazil). The data collection instrument consisted of an open-ended questionnaire, answered before and after the projects, and the data were analysed based on the Theory of Organizing Models of Thought. Eighteen of the 19 research participants extended or changed the integration of moral content into their representations of themselves. Of these, 13 mentioned the service-learning project in their self-representations, and 8 mobilised new moral content related to the project. The results show that by involving young people in socio-moral actions, service-learning projects can favour integrating moral content into their representations of themselves, constituting an important tool for constructing moral identity.

References

Araújo, U. F. A. (2007). Construção social e psicológica dos valores. En V. A. Arantes (Org.). Educação e valores: Pontos e contrapontos (pp. 17-64). Summus.

Aquino, K., Freeman. D., Reed, A., Felps, W., & Lim, V. K. G. (2009). Testing a social-cognitive model of moral behavior: The interactive influence of situations and moral identity centrality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(1), 123-141. DOI: 10.1037/a0015406

Arantes, V. (2012). Modelos organizadores do pensamento e seu desenvolvimento teórico-metodológico:Estudos de psicologia e educação (Associate Professorship thesis). Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. Recuperado de https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/livredocencia/48/tde-17092013-102132/

Bernacki, M. & Jaeger, E. (2008). Exploring the Impact of Service-Learning on Moral Development and Moral Orientation. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 14(2), 5-15.

Blasi, A. (1983). Moral cognition and moral action: A theoretical perspective. Developmental Review, 3(2), 178-210. DOI: 10.1016/0273-2297(83)90029-1

Blasi, A. (1995) Moral understanding and moral personality: the process of moral integration. En Kurtines. W. (Org.). Moral development: an introduction (pp. 229-254). Allyn and Bacon.

Boss, J. (1994) The Effect of Community Service Work on the Moral Development of College Ethics Students. Journal of Moral Education, 23(2), 183-198. DOI: 10.1080/0305724940230206

Colby, A., & Damon, W. (1992). Some do care: Contemporary lives of moral commitment. Free Press.

Cox, K. & McAdams, D. P. (2012). The transforming self: Service narratives and identity change in emerging adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Research, 27(1), 18-43. DOI: 10.1177/0743558410384732

Damon, W. (1984). Self-understanding and moral development from childhood to adolescence. En W. M. Kurtines, & J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.). Morality, moral behavior and moral development (pp. 109-127). Willey.

Frimer, J. A. & Walker, L. J. (2009). Reconciling the self and morality: an empirical model of moral centrality development. Developmental Psychology, 45(6), 1669-1681. DOI: 10.1037/a0017418

Goethem A. V., Hoof A. V., Orobio C. B., Aken M. V. & Hart D. (2014). The role of reflection in the effects of community service on adolescent development: a meta-analysis. Child Development, 85(6), 2114-30. DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12274.

Hardy, S. A. & Carlo, G. (2011). Moral identity: what is it, how does it develop, and is it linked to moral action? Child Development Perspectives, 5(3), 212-218. DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00189.x

Hart, D. & Fegley, S. (1995). Prosocial behavior and caring in adolescence: Relations to self-understanding and social judgment. Child Development, 66(5), 1346–1359. DOI:10.2307/1131651.

Hertz, S. G. & Krettenauer, T. (2016). Does moral identity effectively predict moral behavior? A Meta-Analysis. Review of General Psychology, 20(2), 129-140. DOI: 10.1037/gpr0000062

Inhelder, B. et Cellérier, G. (1992). Le cheminement des découvertes de l’enfant. Delachaux et Niestlé.

Jennings, P. L., Mitchell, M. S. & Hannah, S. T. (2015). The moral self: A review and integration of the literature. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 36(51), 104-168. DOI: 10.1002/job.1919

Kohlberg, L. (1989). Estadios morales y moralización: El enfoque conflicto-evolutivo. En E. Turiel, L. Enesco y J. Linaza (Orgs.) El mundo social en la mente del niño. Alianza Editorial.

Lapsley, D. K. & Narvaez, D. (2004). A social-cognitive approach to the moral personality. En D. K. Lapsley, & D. Narvaez (Eds.). Moral development, self, and identity (pp. 189-212). Psychology Press.

Lapsley, D. K., & Stay, P. (2014). Moral self-identity as the aim of education. En L. Nucci, & D. Narvaez (Eds.). Handbook of moral and character education. Routledge.

Metz, E., McLellan, J. & Youniss, J. (2003). Types of Voluntary Service and Adolescents’ Civic Development. Journal of Adolescent Research, 18(2), 188–203. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558402250350

Moreno, M., Sastre, G., Bovet, M. y Leal, A. (1998). Conocimiento y cambio: Los Modelos organizadores en la construcción del conocimiento. Paidós.

Pratt, M. W., Arnold, M. L. & Lawford, H. (2009). Growing towards care: a narrative approach to prosocial moral identity and generativity of personality in emerging adulthood. En Narvaez, D & Lapsley, D. K. (Eds.). Personality, identity, and character: Explorations in moral psychology (pp. 295-315). Cambridge University Press.

Puig, J. M, Batlle, R, Bosch, C., Cerda, M., Climent, T., Gijón, M., Graell, M., Martín, X., Muñoz, A., Palos, J., Rubio, L. y Trilla, J. (2009). Aprendizaje servicio: educación y compromiso cívico. Graó.

Puig, J. M., Breu, R., Campo, L., Cerda, M., Gijón, M., Graell, M., Martín, X., Palos, J., Ramoneda, A. y Rubio, L. (2015). ¿Cómo llevar a cabo un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio? Graó.

Sastre, G. (2018). Encrucijadas sociales y educación del pensamiento. Revista Catalana de Pedagogia, 14, 47-66.

Silva, M. A. M. (2020). Integração de valores morais às representações de si de adolescentes. (Tese de Doutorado). Faculdade de Educação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. https://teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-29092020-162754/pt-br.php

Vázquez, A. S. (2012). Ética. Civilização Brasileira.

Published

2023-05-07

Issue

Section

Articles