Alfabetització emergent: establir les bases per aprendre a llegir
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/joned.v2i2.38776Paraules clau:
aprendre a llegir, ensenyament eficaç, primera infància, desenvolupamentResum
Els fonaments neuronals i conductuals per aprendre a llegir són molt abans de l’inici de l’escolarització formal. En els llenguatges alfabètics, l’alfabetització emergent (les habilitats, el coneixement i les actituds que són precursors del desenvolupament per aprendre a llegir) involucra molts components, que inclouen:
-Llenguatge oral; les xarxes neuronals per al processament del llenguatge comencen a desenvolupar-se prenatalment. -Consciència fonològica (sensibilitat a l’estructura sonora del llenguatge parlat); els nadons tenen increïbles habilitats de discriminació del so de la parla que els adults no tenen. -Impressió de consciència; l’exposició primerenca a la impressió ambiental és important. -Coneixement de lletres; els sistemes de processament visual neuronal s’han de modificar a mesura que els infants aprenen lletres. -Lectura interactiva de llibres; una important experiència prèvia a la lectura per dret propi que involucra molts altres components de l’alfabetització emergent. La cura i l’educació de la primera infància és una preocupació clau per a les parts interessades a l’educació en termes d’alfabetització emergent.
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