Alfabetización emergente: sentar las bases para aprender a leer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1344/joned.v2i2.38776Palabras clave:
aprender a leer, enseñanza eficaz, primera infancia, desarrolloResumen
Los fundamentos neuronales y conductuales para aprender a leer se establecen mucho antes del inicio de la escolarización formal.
En los lenguajes alfabéticos, la alfabetización emergente (las habilidades, el conocimiento y las actitudes que son precursores del desarrollo para aprender a leer) involucra muchos componentes, que incluyen:
-Lenguaje oral. Las redes neuronales para el procesamiento del lenguaje comienzan a desarrollarse prenatalmente. -Conciencia fonológica (sensibilidad a la estructura sonora del lenguaje hablado). Los bebés tienen increíbles habilidades de discriminación del sonido del habla que los adultos no tienen. -Impresión de conciencia. La exposición temprana a la impresión ambiental es importante -Conocimiento de letras. Los sistemas de procesamiento visual neuronal deben modificarse a medida que los niños aprenden letras. -Lectura interactiva de libros. Una importante experiencia previa a la lectura por derecho propio que involucra muchos otros componentes de la alfabetización emergente. El cuidado y la educación de la primera infancia es una preocupación clave para las partes interesadas en la educación en términos de alfabetización emergente.
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